Nepheline is a silicate containing aluminum and sodium. Colorless or white, sometimes gray, green or red. It has a glassy luster and a fatty luster on the fracture. Mohs hardness of 5.5-6, specific gravity of 2.55-2.66. Can be used to make aluminum, make glass and pottery. The chemical composition is KNa3 [AISiO4] 4, and the crystal belongs to a hexagonal system of silicate minerals. It is the most important feldspar mineral. It is mainly produced in alkaline intrusive rocks, volcanic rocks and pegmatites associated with syenite. Mainly used in the glass and ceramic industry, but also as a raw material for the extraction of aluminum.

Nepheline is the most common and dominant feldspar mineral, which is an aluminosilicate containing sodium and potassium. The crystals of nepheline are generally hexagonal columnar, short columnar or thick plate-like, and the crystals are aggregated into a granular shape and a block shape. The color is generally gray, or it may be light yellow, green, brown, blue, red, and the like. They have a glassy luster, which is also known as aragonite because it has a grease-like luster at the break.

Hexagonal system; -P63; a0 = 1.00 nm, c0 = 0.841 nm; Z = 2. The structure of nepheline is similar to that of β-scale quartz, and their c0 values ​​are similar. The a0 value of nepheline is twice the value of β-scale quartz a0. The β-scale quartz is replaced by Al, and the structure of nepheline is formed.

The appearance of alkali metals is used to balance the charge. As a result of the displacement, the structure is inevitably deformed, so that two different forms of six-rings appear in the structure.

Form: The crystal is often hexagonal or thick plate. It is often a twin crystal that looks like a single crystal. There may also be granular or dense block aggregates.

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