Cotton fiber is the main raw material for textiles. It is widely used in clothing and household products. Canvas Backpack Leisure Travel,Backpack Outdoor Leisure,Leisure Backpack,Men Student School Bags GDMK GROUP WEIHAI SHOES CO., LTD. , https://www.gdmkgroup.com
Due to the different temperature and soil and other planting conditions, the quality of cotton varies greatly. It is usually divided into long-staple cotton, fine-staple cotton and coarse-staple cotton. Among them, long-staple cotton is the most high-grade. Long-staple cotton, also known as sea-island cotton, is mainly produced in the Nile River Basin. Its fiber is fine and strong, and its fiber length can reach 60~70mm. It is the most excellent and advanced cotton fiber variety. It has been planted in Xinjiang and other places for spinning. Combing cotton yarn and weave high-grade brocade fabric. Fine cotton, also known as upland cotton, has a length of 25~31mm. It is the main cotton variety, accounting for the largest proportion of global production, accounting for about 98% of China's cotton planting area. Asian cotton and African cotton are generally referred to as coarse cotton, with short and thick fibers, hard hand and low yield.
The color of cotton fibers is usually white or milky white, light yellow. But the gloss is poor. In order to increase the gloss and whiteness of the cotton fabric, it is often treated by bleaching or fluorescent whitening, and finishing after mercerizing and calendering also contributes to the increase of gloss.
Cotton fibers have good dyeing properties and can be dyed in a variety of colors. Because the fiber is short and soft, it is easy to wrinkle after wearing and washing. Cotton fibers are highly absorbent, so that the cross section becomes thicker and the length becomes shorter. Commonly known as shrinking. Therefore, the cotton fabric will be pre-shrinked before being cut.
An important aspect of judging the performance of fiber is comfort. The main component of cotton fiber is cellulose with a large number of hydrophilic genes, and there are many pores in the surface layer of the fiber, so it has excellent hygroscopicity and wicking effect, can absorb the sweat of the human body, and is distributed to the surface of the fabric, so that the wearer Feel comfortable. The cotton fiber is strongly increased after moisture absorption, so the cotton fabric is resistant to water washing, and can be immersed in hot water and dried at a high temperature. Cotton fiber has weak acid resistance, and acidic substances in sweat can damage cotton fabric, so it should be washed in time.
Cotton fiber is more resistant to alkali, and it is immersed in a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 18% to 25% at normal temperature or low temperature. The diameter of the fiber can be expanded and the length is shortened. At this time, if an external force is applied to restrict the shrinkage, a strong gloss can be produced. Increased strength, improved color and easy to dye printing. This process is called mercerizing.
If the cotton fabric is in a sodium hydroxide solution, no external force is applied, and any shrinkage thereof can make the fabric compact, rich, elastic, and good in shape retention. This process is called alkali shrinkage and is mainly used for knitted fabrics.
January 14, 2021